Abridged Edition of: American Newspapers Known to Have Been Reprinted Compiled by Rick Brown of HistoryBuff.com |
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The information shown here is the abridged edition of An Annotated Index of American Newspapers Known to Have Been Reprinted. In the full version, 80% of the listings are expanded to include such identifying information as page-size, type of newsprint used, number of pages, etc. It also includes several pages of information on how to detect reprints, how reprints were produced, how to detect 20th century reprints, and much more. It includes 567 listings on 56 pages. For more information, go to Newspaper Reprints Monograph. |
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1765 - 1785 | 1785 - 1800 | 1801 - 1835 |
1836 - 1860 | 1861 - 1880 | 1881 - 1900 |
1901 - 1925 | 1926 - 1944 | 1945 - 1986 |
Date | Newspaper Title | Versions |
1690 Sept. 25 | Publick Occurrences both Foreign & Domestic | 1 |
1704 April 24 | Boston News-Letter | 12 |
1719 Dec. 22 Thru Jan. 7, 1722 |
American Mercury | 1 |
1721 Oct. 9 | Boston Gazette (No. 98) | 1 |
1723 Feb. 11 | New England Courant (No. 80) | 6 |
1726 March 28 | New York Gazette (No. 21) | 1 |
1729 April 8 | New England Weekly Journal | 1 |
1729 Dec. 24 |
Universal Instructor in all Arts and Sciences, & Pennsylvania Gazette |
1 |
1729 June 4 | Pennsylvania Gazette | 1 |
1729 Oct. 2 | Pennsylvania Gazette | 3 |
1733 May 6 | Philadelphische Zetung | 1 |
1733 June 25 | Rhode Island Gazette | 1 |
1733 Nov. 7 | New York Morning Post | 1 |
1736 Sept. 3-10 | Virginia Gazette | 1 |
1738 July 24 | New York Gazette | 1 |
1742 Jan. 14 | Boston Newsletter | 1 |
1752 Jan. 25 | Hoch Teutsche und Englische Zetung | 1 |
1756 Oct. 7 | New Hampshire Gazette | 1 |
1757 July 4 | Boston Gazette | 1 |
1758 Dec. 19 | Newport Mercury | 1 |
1759 Dec. 31 | New York Mercury | 1 |
1762 Oct. 20 | Providence Gazette & Country Journal | 1 |
1764 Oct. 29 | Connecticut Courant | 1 |
1765 Aug. 24 | Providence Gazette & Country Journal | 1 |
1770 Feb. 5 | New York Gazette or the Weekly Post Boy | 1 |
1770 March 12 | Boston Gazette and Country Journal | 4 |
1770 July 17 | Massachusetts Spy | 1 |
1773 Aug. 20 | Maryland Journal & Baltimore Advertiser | 1 |
1773 Dec. 16 | Norwich Packet | 1 |
1773 Dec. 24 | Pennsylvania Gazette | 1 |
1775 March 6 | Boston Evening Post | 1 |
1775 May 3 | Maryland Journal & Baltimore Advertiser | 1 |
1775 May 3 | American Oracle of Liberty | 1 |
1775 May 3 | Massachusetts Spy | 3 |
1775 May 5 | Massachusetts Spy | 1 |
1775 June 13 | South Carolina Gazette & Country Journal | 1 |
1775 June 29 | New York Journal or the General Advertiser | 1 |
1775 July 12 | Massachusetts Spy | 1 |
1775 Nov. 30 | New England Chronicle | 1 |
1775 Dec. 25 | Plaindealer | 1 |
1775 March 6 | Dunlap's Pennsylvania Packet | 1 |
1776 March 20 | Pennsylvania Journal | 1 |
1776 April 3 | Pennsylvania Journal | 1 |
1776 May 22 | Pennsylvania Journal | 1 |
1778 July 8 | Dunlaps' Pennsylvania Packet | 1 |
1776 July 17 | Massachusetts Spy | 2 |
1776 July 26 | Virginia Gazette | 1 |
1776 Sept. 10 | Virginia Gazette | 1 |
1776 Oct. 10 | Dunlap's Pennsylvania Packet | 1 |
1778 Feb. 16 | New Jersey Journal | 1 |
1779 Feb. 16 | New Jersey Journal | 1 |
1779 Aug. 9 | Dresden Mercury & the Universal Intelligencer | 1 |
1781 Feb. 13 | Pennsylvania Packet | 1 |
1781 April 3 | Pennsylvania Packet | 1 |
1781 Aug. 8 | New Jersey Journal | 1 |
1781 Oct. 10 | Newport Mercury | 1 |
1781 Oct. 27 | Pennsylvania Packet | 1 |
1781 Nov. 17 | Gazette Francoise | 1 |
1782 March 13 | Independent Chronicle | 1 |
1783 Nov. 7 | New York Morning Post | 6 |
1783 Sept. 20 | Pennsylvania Packet & Daily Advertiser | 1 |
1783 Nov. 17 | Independent Journal | 1 |
1784 Jan. 1 | Independent Chronicle & Universal Advertiser | 1 |
1784 Sept. 21 | Dunlap's Pennsylvania Packet | 1 |
1785 Jan. 1 | Falmouth Gazette & Weekly Advertiser | 2 |
1785 Jan. 25 | Carey’s Pennsylvania Evening Herald | 1 |
1785 April 7 | Weekly Gazette | 1 |
1786 Sept. 20 | Hampshire Gazette | 1 |
1787 May 28 | Northern Centinel | 1 |
1788 March 13 | Independent Chronicle & Univseral Advertiser | 1 |
1788 May 1 | Independent Chronicle & Univseral Advertiser | 1 |
1787 Sept. 19 | Pennsylvania Packet | 2 |
1787 Sept. 27 | Virginia Gazette & Weekly Advertiser | 1 |
1789 May 1 | New York Daily Gazette | 1 |
1789 May 2 | Gazette of the United States | 3 |
1789 Oct. 28 | Massachusetts Centinel | 1 |
1790 Feb. 16 | New Jersey Journal | 2 |
1790 Aug. 1 | Providence Gazette & Country Journal | 1 |
1791 May 19 | Wood's Newark Gazette | 1 |
1792 Feb. 1 | Impartial Intelligencer | 1 |
1792 April 14 | Gazette of the United States | 1 |
1792 Aug. 6 | Catskill Packet | 2 |
1793 July 11 | Whitestone Gazette | 1 |
1793 Dec. 9 | American Minerva | 1 |
1794 Aug. 25 | Moniteur de Ia Louisiane | 1 |
1794 Dec. 8 | Rutland Herald | 1 |
1795 May 2 | Jersey Chronicle | 1 |
1797 April 14 | Alexandria Advertiser | 1 |
1797 June 20 | Northern Budget | 1 |
1797 Oct. 2 | Commercial Advertiser | 2 |
1798 April 27 | Albany Gazette | 1 |
1798 May 15 | Northern Budget | 1 |
1798 Sept. 5 | Federal Gazette | 1 |
1798 Oct. 27 | Freeman's Journal | 1 |
1799 March 23 | New Hampshire Sentinel | 1 |
1799 July 13 | Weekly Advertiser | 1 |
1799 Dec. 24 | Pennsylvania Gazette | 1 |
1799 Dec. 25 | Federal Gazette | 1 |
1799 Dec. 31 | Poughkeepsie Journal | 1 |
1799 Dec. 31 | Federal Spy | 1 |
1800 Jan. 4 | Ulster County Gazette | 72+ |
1800 Jan. 28 | Boston Independent Chronicle | 1 |
1800 Feb. 13 | .J. Russell’s Gazette | 1 |
1800 Dec. 30 | Pittsfield Sun | 1 |
1801 Nov. 16 | New York Evening Post | 1 |
1802 Nov. 11 | Farmers Cabinet | 1 |
1803 July 4 | Independent Chronicle | 1 |
1804 Aug. 7 | Indiana Gazette | 1 |
1804 Dec. 1 | Providence Phoenix | 1 |
1806 Nov. 13 | Lynchburg Gazette | 1 |
1807 Feb. 13 | The Western Star | 1 |
1807 Aug. 7 | New Bedford Mercury | 1 |
1808 July 26 | Missouri Gazette | 3 |
1808 Sept. 1 | Herald of Gospel Liberty | 1 |
1809 Aug. 31 | Michigan Essay: or, The Impartial Observer | 2 |
1809 Oct. 4 | Missouri Gazette | 1 |
1812 June 9 | Trump of Fame | 1 |
1813 July 6 | Albany Argus | 1 |
1814 July 6 | Columbian Register | 1 |
1814 July 13 | Plattsburg Republican | 1 |
1814 Sept. 1 | National intelligencer | 1 |
1815 March 30 | Repository | 1 |
1815 Dec. 11 | Liberty Hall & Cincinnati Gazette | 1 |
1816 Nov. 6 | Weekly Register | 1 |
1817 July 25 | Detroit Gazette | 1 |
1818 June 19 | American Friend | 1 |
1818 Oct. 8 | Sackett’s-Harbor Gazette | 1 |
1819 Nov. 20 | Arkansas Gazette | 1 |
1820 Jan. 3 | Manufacturer's & Farmer's Journal | 1 |
1820 Dec. 20 | Columbia Republican | 1 |
1821 July 28 | Florida Gazette | 2 |
1823 Jan. 4 | East Florida Herald | 1 |
1823 Jan. 9 | Zion's Herald | 1 |
1823 May 17 | New York Observer | 1 |
1824 March 20 | Pensacola Gazette & West Florida Advertiser | 1 |
1824 June 16 | Boston Daily Advertiser | 1 |
1824 Sept. 8 | Springfield Republican | 2 |
1825 Jan. 8 | Kennebec Journal | 1 |
1825 Nov. 12 | Parkhurst Chronicle | 1 |
1826 Oct. 25 | Rochester Daily Advertiser | 1 |
1827 Jan. 20 | Gospel Messenger | 1 |
1827 March 30 | Freedom's Journal | 1 |
1827 June 15 | Burlington Free Press | 1 |
1827 June 25 | Daily Cincinnati Gazette | 1 |
1828 March 1 | Courier des Etats Unis | 1 |
1828 Nov. 4 | Keeseville Herald | 1 |
1828 Nov. 18 | Floridian | 1 |
1829 June 1 | Pennsylvania Inquirier | 1 |
1830 May 10 | Essex Newsletter | 1 |
1830 July 24 | Daily Evening Transcript | 2 |
1831 Jan. 1 | Liberator | 1 |
1831 Jan. 8 | Richmond Palladium | 1 |
1831 May 5 | Democratic Free Press | 1 |
1831 Oct. 25 | Pennsylvania Telegraph | 1 |
1831 Nov. 16 | Chillcothe News Advertiser | 1 |
1833 Sept. 3 | New York Sun | 6 |
1833 Nov. 25 | Chicago Democrat | 1 |
1833 Dec. 11 | Green Bay lntelligencer | 1 |
1834 Dec. 31 | Religious Telescope | 1 |
1835 Jan. 1 | Daily Commercial Advertiser | 1 |
1835 May 6 | New York Morning Herald | 1 |
1835 Dec. 19 | Toledo Blade | 2 |
1836 March 25 | Public Ledger | 4 |
1837 Jan. 7 | Ounicy Patriot | 1 |
1837 Jan. 25 | Picayune | 1 |
1837 Oct. 3 | Caledonian | 1 |
1839 March 23 | St. Joseph Times | 1 |
1840 April 25 | Spirit of the Times | 1 |
1841 April 10 | New York Tribune | 2 |
1841 Oct. 25 | Brooklyn Eagle | 1 |
1842 April 19 | Daily News | 1 |
1844 March 27 | Springfield Republican | 1 |
1844 April 24 | Daily Evening Republican | 1 |
1846 Jan. 15 | Buffalo Express | 1 |
1846 Feb. 5 | Oregon Spectator | 1 |
1846 May 4 | Newport Daily News | 1 |
1846 Nov. 16 | Onondaga Gazette | 1 |
1847 Dec. 4 | Southern Miscellancy, and Upper Georgia Whig | 1 |
1848 March 15 | Californian | 3 |
1848 April 1 | Burlington Daily Free Press | 1 |
1848 April 1 | California Star | 1 |
1849 April 28 | Minnesota Pioneer | 1 |
1850 Feb. 15 | Daily Evening Standard | 1 |
1850 Dec. 4 | Portland Oregonian | 1 |
1851 May 17 | Los Angeles Star | 1 |
1851 Sept. 18 | New York Daily Times | 3 |
1852 Dec. 16 | Daily Evening Star | 1 |
1854 March 4 | Peoria City Record, or Brown's Statistics for 1853 | 1 |
1855 April 28 | Lansing Republican | 1 |
1856 Nov. 5 | San Francisco News-Letter | 1 |
1859 April 23 | Cherry Creek Pioneer | 1 |
1860 Dec. 20 | Charleston Mercury Extra | 1 |
1861 Jan. 12 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1861 Jan. 24 | Savannah News | 1 |
1861 Feb. 11 | New York Herald | 1 |
1861 March 16 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1861 April 12 | New York Times | 1 |
1861 April 13 | Charleston Mercury Extra | 1 |
1861 April 13 | New York Herald | 1 |
1861 April 14 | New York Herald | 1 |
1861 April 15 | New York Times | 1 |
1861 April 15 | New York Tribune | 1 |
1861 April 20 | New York Herald | 1 |
1861 April 23 | Chicago Tribune | 1 |
1861 April 22 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1861 April 22 | Frank Leslie's Illustrated | 1 |
1861 May 4 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1861 May 15 | Macon Daily Telegraph | 1 |
1861 June 3 | Daily Richmond Examiner | 1 |
1861 July 22 | New York Daily Tribune | 1 |
1861 July 22 | New York Tribune | 1 |
1862 March 11 | The First Minnesotan | 1 |
1862 March 12 | Berryville (VA) Conservator | 1 |
1862 May 10 | Daily Richmond Examiner | 1 |
1862 June 3 | Daily Richmond Examiner | 1 |
1862 June 28 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1862 Aug. 9 | The Rebel | 1 |
1862 Sept. 23 | New York Times | 1 |
1862 Nov. 8 | Southern Illustrated News | 1 |
1863 Jan. 26 | Evening Bulletin | 1 |
1863 Feb. 1 | Boston Sunday Herald | 1 |
1863 March 8 | Boston Sunday Herald | 1 |
1863 March 28 | Southern Illustrated News | 1 |
1863 May 13 | Virginian | 1 |
1863 June 17 | Charleston Mercury | 1 |
1863 July 2 | (Vicksburg) Daily Citizen (Wallpaper edition) | 50+ |
1863 July 4 | (Vicksburg) Daily Citizen (Wallpaper edition) | 50+ |
1863 July 10 | Union Volunteer | 1 |
1863 July 14 | Corydon Weekly Democrat | 1 |
1863 July 14 | The Port Hudson Freeman | 1 |
1863 July 16 | New York Times | 1 |
1863 July 25 | Frank Leslie's Illustrated | 1 |
1863 July 26 | Boston Sunday Herald | 1 |
1863 Oct. 2 | Southern Confederacy | 1 |
1863 Oct. 20 | Richmond Daily Dispatch | 1 |
1863 Nov. 20 | New York Times | 1 |
1864 June 2 | Charleston Daily Courier | 1 |
1864 July 2 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1864 Sept. 3 | Harpers Weekly | 1 |
1864 Sept. 3 | New York Times | 1 |
1864 Nov. 9 | New York Times | 1 |
1865 March 18 | Harper's Weekly | 2 |
1865 April 10 | New York Times | 1 |
1865 April 10 | Philadelphia Inquirer | 1 |
1865 April 14 | New York Times | 1 |
1865 April 15 | New York Herald | 19 |
1865 April 15 | New York Times | 1 |
1865 April 16 | Savannah Daily Herald | 1 |
1865 April 29 | Harper's Weekly | 2 |
1865 April 29 | Philadelphia Inquirer | 1 |
1865 May 6 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1865 May 13 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1865 July 8 | Philadelphia Inquirer | 1 |
1865 Aug. 26 | The Montana Post | 1 |
1868 April 2 | The Holden Record | 1 |
1869 Aug. 16 | Weekly Intelligencer | 1 |
1869 Nov. 17 | The World | 1 |
1870 March 10 | Daily Globe | 1 |
1871 Oct. 10 | Chicago Evening Post | 1 |
1872 Aug. 22 | Newton Kansan | 1 |
1873 May 28 | South Bend Daily Tribune | 1 |
1873 Aug. 23 | The Evening News | 1 |
1874 April 20 | New York Tribune | 1 |
1874 May 7 | Boston Daily Globe | 1 |
1874 May 17 | Cincinnati Daily Gazette | 1 |
1876 June 6 | Daily Intelligencer | 1 |
1876 July 4 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1876 July 6 | New York Times | 1 |
1876 July 6 | Bismark Tribune | 2 |
1876 July 7 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1876 July 26 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1877 May 15 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1877 July 17 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1877 Aug. 22 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1877 Sept. 19 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1878 June 19 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1879 Jan. 26 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1879 Feb. 18 | Star | 1 |
1880 March 27 | Denison Daily News | 1 |
1880 Sept. 18 | Kansas City Star | 6 |
1880 Nov. 5 | Beaumont Enterprise | 1 |
1881 Aug. 23 | Commonwealth | 1 |
1881 Oct. 27 | Tombstone Epitaph | 1 |
1881 Dec. 4 | Los Angeles Daily Times | 1 |
1883 May 19 | Spokane Fall Review | 1 |
1884 Dec 20 | Frank Leslie's | 1 |
1886 March 17 | The Sporting News | 1 |
1886 April 15 | Worcester Daily Telegram | 1 |
1886 June 18 | Albany Morning Express | 1 |
1889 June 7 | Post-Intelligencer | 1 |
1889 June 15 | Harper's Weekly | 1 |
1891 March 13 | Sayre Times | 1 |
1891 Oct. 17 | National Police Gazette | 1 |
1894 Nov. 20 | The Gazette | 1 |
1894 June 30 | Richmond Dispatch | 1 |
1896 Oct. 1 | Boston Morning Journal | 1 |
1896 Oct. 4 | Boston Sunday Journal | 1 |
1897 July 17 | Seattle Post-Intelligencer | 1 |
1897 Nov. 27 | Chicago Evening Post | 1 |
1898 June | Bounding Billow | 1 |
1901 Jan. 1 | New York World | 1 |
1901 Dec. 15 | The World | 1 |
1906 April 20 | Boston Post | 1 |
1906 April 19 | The Pittsburg Post | 1 |
1909 June 2 | Seattle Post-Intelligencer | 1 |
1909 Sept. 5 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1912 April 16 | New York Times | 1 |
1912 April 16 | New York Tribune | 1 |
1912 April 16 | New York American | 1 |
1912 April 16 | Boston Globe | 1 |
1912 April 16 | St. Louis Post Dispatch | 2 |
1918 Feb. 3 | Post-Intelligencer | 1 |
1918 Nov. 11 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1918 Nov. 11 | New York Times | 1 |
1918 Nov. 11 | Stars & Stripes | 1 |
1919 July 5 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1921 Aug. 3 | Buffalo Morning Express | 1 |
1923 Aug. 3 | Rutland Herald | 1 |
1926 Aug. 23 | Wisconsin News | 1 |
1927 May 22 | Denver Post | 1 |
1927 March 22 | St. Louis Globe Democrat | 1 |
1927 May 22 | Detroit Times | 1 |
1927 May 22 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1927 May 22 | Brooklyn Daily Eagle | 1 |
1927 Sept. 30 | Los Angles Evening Herald | 1 |
1929 Feb. 15 | Wisconsin News | 1 |
1929 Oct. 28 | The Milwaukee Leader | 1 |
1929 Oct. 25 | Brooklyn Eagle | 1 |
1929 Nov. 30 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1932 March 3 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1932 March 10 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1932 May 24 | Wisconsin News | 1 |
1933 Dec. 6 | Chicago Herald-Examiner | 1 |
1934 May 24 | Dallas Morning News | 2 |
1934 May 24 | Beinville Democrat | 1 |
1934 July 24 | Chicago Herald-Examiner | 1 |
1935 Jan. 3 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1935 Jan. 17 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1935 Jan. 31 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1935 Feb. 7 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1935 Feb. 14 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1935 Feb. 21 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1935 March 10 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1935 March 12 | Hunterdon County Democrat | 1 |
1937 May 7 | The New York Times | 1 |
1937 May 7 | LA Times-Herald EXTRA | 1 |
1937 July 5 | Chicago Herald-Examiner | 1 |
1941 Dec. 7 | Honolulu Star-Bulletin | 3 |
1941 Dec. 7 | The Baltimore News-Post | 1 |
1941 Dec. 8 | New York Times | 1 |
1941 Dec. 8 | St. Louis Star Times | 1 |
1944 June 6 | Cincinnati Times-Star | 1 |
1944 June 6 | Pittsburgh-Sun Telegraph | 1 |
1944 June 6 | San Francisco Chronicle | 1 |
1945 April 12 | The Evening Star | 1 |
1945 April 13 | St. Louis Post Dispatch | 1 |
1945 May 7 | Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch | 1 |
1945 May 8 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1945 May 8 | St. Louis Post Dispatch | 1 |
1945 May 8 | New York Times | 1 |
1945 June 8 | Pittsburgh-Sun Telegraph | 1 |
1945 Aug. 7 | New York Times | 1 |
1945 Aug. 7 | Pittsburgh-Sun Telegraph | 1 |
1945 Aug. 14 | The Evening Star | 1 |
1945 Aug. 15 | The Philadelphia Inquirer | 1 |
1945 Aug. 15 | Pittsburgh-Sun Telegraph | 1 |
1948 May 15 | New York Times | 1 |
1948 Nov. 3 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1953 July 28 | Chicago Daily Tribune | 1 |
1958 Feb. 1 | The New York Times | 1 |
1960 Oct. 14 | Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | 1 |
1961 May 6 | Des Moines Tribune | 1 |
1961 Oct. 2 | New York Mirror | 1 |
1962 Feb. 20 | Baltimore News-Post | 1 |
1962 Feb. 21 | San Francisco News Call-Bulletin | 1 |
1963 Nov. 22 | Dallas Times Herald | 1 |
1963 Nov. 23 | New York Herald Tribune | 1 |
1963 Nov. 23 | New York Times | 1 |
1963 Nov. 23 | New York Daily News | 1 |
1963 Nov. 23 | Dallas Morning News | 1 |
1963 Nov. 25 | Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | 1 |
1968 Nov. 16 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1968 Dec. 6 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1968 Dec. 10 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1968 Dec. 23 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1968 Dec. 24 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1968 Dec. 25 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1968 Dec. 27 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1968 Dec. 28 | Bennington Banner | |
1968 Dec. 31 | Bennington Banner | 1 |
1969 July 20 | The Washington Post | 1 |
1969 July 20 | New York Times | 1 |
1974 Aug. 9 | Richmond Times-Dispatch | 1 |
1977 Aug. 17 | Memphis Press-Scimitar | 1 |
1986 Jan. 29 | Louisville Times | 1 |
The information shown here is the abridged edition of An Annotated Index of American Newspapers Known to Have Been Reprinted. In the full version, 80% of the listings are expanded to include such identifying information as page-size, type of newsprint used, number of pages, etc. It also includes several pages of information on how to detect reprints, how reprints were produced, how to detect 20th century reprints, and much more. It includes 567 listings on 56 pages. For more information, go to Newspaper Reprints Monograph. |